Indonesia faces a growing demand for renewable energy, while land availability for large-scale solar projects remains limited. One promising solution is the deployment of floating solar photovoltaic (FPV) systems on existing hydropower reservoirs. A recent study, conducted in collaboration with Pondera and Utrecht University explored the technical and economic feasibility of FPV in this context.

Hydropower plays a key role in Indonesia’s renewable energy mix, but its output fluctuates seasonally. Solar energy, on the other hand, peaks during the dry season, precisely when hydropower generation is lowest. This complementary relationship makes hybrid systems combining FPV and hydropower infrastructure particularly attractive.

The study assessed 27 reservoirs using solar irradiance data and reservoir characteristics derived from remote sensing and digital surface models. By modeling energy yields and calculating the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE), the research identified key indicators for FPV suitability. These insights provide practical guidance for developers and policymakers seeking to implement FPV systems in Indonesia.

The study demonstrated significant variation in FPV performance across the 27 reservoirs, emphasizing the value of this analysis. Interestingly, the highest specific yields did not necessarily lead to the lowest LCOE values. 

This research has filled critical knowledge gaps for FPV studies in tropical regions that are characterized by higher solar irradiance, relative humidity and temperature than temperate regions. These unique environmental conditions significantly influence system performance and lead to potentially different system-level and geographical choices for FPV developers.

This recent study has given Pondera insight into the key indicators that determine the financial and technical feasibility of FPV on Indonesian hydropower reservoirs. Combining this with Pondera’s deep knowledge of hybrid energy systems and a strong local presence through its Indonesian office, Pondera bridges the gap between concept and realization — helping clients unlock Indonesia’s vast renewable potential in a sustainable and future-proof way.

With its broad expertise in renewable energy development, Pondera is perfectly positioned to support projects like Indonesia’s floating solar–hydropower initiatives. From early-stage feasibility studies and environmental assessments to technical design, permitting, and stakeholder engagement, Pondera ensures that every step is grounded in both innovation and practicality.